Synology Tiering

DSM 版本

應用程式系列套件

Synology Tiering

功能

  • 系統會依據資料存取或修改的頻率,將不常使用的資料從本地熱儲存區自動移至遠端冷儲存區
  • 管理員可設定分層任務,任務支援:
    • 根據分層規則中設定的未存取或未修改天數,將不常使用的資料自動移至冷儲存區
    • 根據儲存空間的剩餘容量,將資料自動移至冷儲存區
    • 根據設定的時程,在固定的時間進行搬移
    • 套用任務至多個共用資料夾
  • 設定分層任務後,將根據設定自動觸發並執行資料搬移
  • 使用者可從熱儲存區存取已搬移的資料,頻繁存取的檔案將立即移回熱儲存區
  • 管理員可透過集中式介面檢視各資料夾的儲存狀況、剩餘空間、資料分佈、熱儲存區和冷儲存區的任務用量
  • 提供疑難排除建議以輔助資料管理

規格

  • Requires DSM 7.3 or above
  • Requires installing Synology Tiering Vault on the cold tier
  • Only administrators can view and operate Synology Tiering and corresponding cold tier folders
  • Supports file access in hot tier via the following protocols: SMB, AFP, NFS, FTP, and WebDAV
  • Maximum number of concurrent SMB/NFS/AFP/FTP connections: 5,000
    • The actual number of concurrent connections may vary based on the Synology NAS model
  • Maximum tiering plans configured in the hot tier: 10
    • Supports a total limit of 30 folders across all plans
    • Only shared folders located in Btrfs volumes can be included in plans
    • Each plan can only have 1 cold tier
  • (For tiering data to a remote Synology NAS) Both hot and cold tiers require at least 1 Gbps network bandwidth, with 10 Gbps recommended for optimal performance. Daily data tiering limit depends on the network bandwidth and disk read speed on both tiers
  • Plan name rules:
    • Maximum length: 32 characters
    • Names cannot include the following characters: ! " # % & ' ( ) * + , / : ; < = > ? @ [ ] \ ^ ` { } | ~
    • The first character cannot be a minus sign or a space character
    • The last character cannot be a space
  • Tiering policies can be based on file inactivity or modification, ranging from 1 to 1800 days
  • Allows configuring tiering frequency and start time:
    • Frequency: minimum 1 hour, maximum 1 week
  • Supports storing 60,000 logs
  • Data tiering behavior includes the following:
    • Once a shared folder is included in a tiering plan, data are moved at the file level
    • Eligible files are moved to cold tier as per the tiering schedule. If volume capacity tiering is enabled, and the hot storage capacity remains below the set threshold after this initial tiering, the system will then move the oldest files. This process continues until the available space in the hot tier exceeds the defined limit
    • Tiered files are moved back to the hot tier upon editing or frequent read access from the hot tier, with the following exceptions:
      • If hot tier remaining space is less than 1% or 100 GB, the file will not be moved back solely due to read access
      • Editing is prevented if the hot tier lacks sufficient space to accommodate the file
    • If hot tier usage exceeds 95%, new shared folders cannot be added to existing plans
    • Renaming a file on the hot tier does not trigger its return from the cold tier
    • If tiering fails, the system waits until the next scheduled tiering without retry attempts. Failures are logged and displayed in the status and log
    • Once a file is moved to the cold tier, structural changes made on the hot tier (such as renaming or moving the file) will not be reflected on the cold tier
    • Data tiering and retrieval increase system memory usage, potentially impacting overall performance and the access speed of tiered files. These tasks should be carried out during off-peak hours
  • Quotas set for hot tier source folders include tiered data
    • Supports setting independent quotas for corresponding folders on the cold tier
  • Supports tiering shared folders located in encrypted volumes. However, the cold tier volume is not automatically encrypted
  • Synology Tiering records file access time separately. The file access time recording frequency in Storage Manager does not apply to shared folders included in tiering plans
  • The following settings from hot tier source folders are not applied to their corresponding cold tier folders:
    • Hide this shared folder in "My Network Places"
    • Hide sub-folders and files from users without permissions
    • Recycle bin settings
    • Data checksum settings
    • Shared folder quota
    • File or folder permissions
    • Advanced permissions
    • NFS permissions
  • Custom integration with selected Synology packages:
    • Synology Drive:
      • Supports including Team Folders in tiering plans
      • Allows shared folders in tiering plans to be enabled as Team Folders
      • If a Team Folder is included in a tiering plan, its previous versions also follow the same tiering plan and schedule
      • File attributes, including tags, starred status, and existing sharing permissions, are preserved during tiering
      • Indexing in Synology Drive does not retrieve data from cold tier
    • File Station:
      • Supports moving a file or folder to the cold tier from File Station when its shared folder is included in a tiering plan
      • Administrators can view whether a file is currently in the hot or cold tier from File Station on the hot tier
    • Hyper Backup: Supports separate backups of hot and cold tier (Learn more)
    • Snapshot Replication:
      • Supports taking snapshots of both hot and cold tier simultaneously from hot tier, until either tier reaches its snapshot limit(Learn more)
      • Tiered files are not moved back to the hot tier when a snapshot is taken
      • Hot and cold tier snapshots are stored separately and locally
      • If snapshot lock and immutable snapshot are enabled on the hot tier, these functions will also be automatically enabled on the cold tier.
    • Storage Analyzer: Hot tier analysis includes tiered files; these files are not moved back to the hot tier during analysis
    • Antivirus Essential and Antivirus by McAfee: When scanning the hot tier, tiered files are excluded from the scan
    • Storage Manager:
      • Data deduplication supports independent operation for hot and cold tiers
      • Usage detail analysis is automatically enabled for both hot and cold tiers and must remain enabled for data tiering to function

限制

  • 不支援將檔案移動到 Synology NAS 以外的位置
  • 不支援將已納入分層任務的共用資料夾複製、加密或移動到其他儲存空間,也不支援將其轉換為 Hybrid Share 資料夾,或設定為 Shared Folder Sync 的來源/目的地資料夾
  • 不支援將自動建立的冷儲存區資料夾移動到其他儲存空間
  • 不支援分層路徑名稱超過 4,000 位元組的檔案
    • 不同的字元編碼可能包含不同的資料大小(例如,UTF-8 編碼的字元可能包含 1 到 4 個位元組)
  • 不支援名稱以「@」開頭的共用資料夾
  • 預設僅 administrators 擁有冷儲存區已搬移檔案的讀取權限,一般使用者無法直接從冷儲存區存取這些檔案
  • 直接在冷儲存區刪除或編輯已搬移檔案可能導致檔案毀損。檔案管理應完全於熱儲存區進行。若熱儲存區無法存取,可直接從冷儲存區存取檔案(深入了解
  • 若熱儲存區與冷儲存區的 CPU 核心數差異超過兩倍,可能會影響 Synology Tiering 效能
  • 與下列 Synology 套件整合時的限制:
    • Hyper Backup:
      • 分別還原熱儲存區或冷儲存區,或將兩者還原至不同備份時間點,可能導致資料不一致或遺失(深入了解
      • 將檔案還原至非原始備份來源的資料夾時,無法保留熱儲存區存根檔,將無法從熱儲存區存取已搬移檔案
    • Snapshot Replication:
      • 不支援獨立為冷儲存區建立快照
      • 不支援分開還原熱儲存區或冷儲存區
      • 不支援快照複寫或複製
    • 儲存空間管理員:
      • 不支援跨儲存空間資料重複資料刪除
      • 不支援對已搬移檔案執行資料抹除
    • Synology Drive:
      • 不支援將經由 Synology Drive ShareSync 同步的本地或遠端共用資料夾納入分層任務
      • 當納入分層任務的共用資料夾啟用為團隊資料夾時,現有已搬移資料會回收至熱儲存區。此回收僅執行一次,且不會中斷分層任務。該共用資料夾仍屬於分層任務,資料將依分層政策與排程再次分層
      • 將冷儲存區資料夾啟用為 Synology Drive 團隊資料夾時,冷儲存區將與熱儲存區斷開連結,且無法重新連結
    • 安全諮詢中心:
      • 不支援將報告儲存於對應的冷儲存區資料夾
    • Audio Station、Synology Drive、Synology Photos、Universal Search 及 Media Server:
      • 於這些套件或透過控制台 > 索引服務重新索引時,下列格式的已搬移檔案將移回熱儲存區:DNG、ARW、SRF、SR2、DCR、KDC、CR2、CRW、NEF、PEF、RAW、3FR、ERF、MEF、MOS、ORF、RW2、TIFF、TIF 及 PDF
    • Web Station:
      • 將「web」共用資料夾、「web_packages」共用資料夾或其他任何網頁服務共用資料夾納入分層任務,可能會影響 Web Station 效能
  • 不支援將下列共用資料夾納入分層任務:
    • 已納入其他分層任務的資料夾
    • Hybrid Share 資料夾
    • WriteOnce 共用資料夾
    • 已壓縮或加密的共用資料夾
    • 位於 ext4 儲存空間的共用資料夾
    • 外接裝置上的共用資料夾
    • Active Backup for Business 共用資料夾
    • Chat 共用資料夾
    • MailPlus 共用資料夾
    • PACS 共用資料夾
    • 目前由 Download Station 使用的共用資料夾
    • 目前由 Container Manager 使用的共用資料夾
    • 由 Cloud Sync 同步的共用資料夾
    • Synology Mail Server 儲存已索引郵件的共用資料夾
    • 日誌中心指定為歸檔日誌儲存目的地的共用資料夾
    • Active Backup for Google Workspace 及 Active Backup for Microsoft 365 備份目的地共用資料夾
    • Presto File Server Site Express 任務或 Presto Automator 任務的本機目錄共用資料夾

Synology Tiering Vault

功能

  • 允許使用者將 Synology NAS 設定為分層任務中的冷儲存區,以儲存熱儲存區中不常存取的資料

規格

  • 必須使用符合以下條件的 Synology NAS:
    • DSM 7.3 或以上版本
    • 具備 2 GB 記憶體
    • 至少 1 Gbps 的網路頻寬,建議最佳為 10 Gbps。每日資料搬移上限取決於兩個儲存區的網路頻寬與硬碟讀取速度
  • Synology Tiering Vault 須安裝在冷儲存區,且在熱儲存區上須安裝對應版本的 Synology Tiering
  • 冷儲存區儲存空間須為 Btrfs 格式
  • 建立分層任務後,冷儲存區會自動建立名為「Tiered_[來源資料夾名稱]」的對應共用資料夾
  • 只有屬於 administrators 群組的使用者可讀取冷儲存區對應資料夾與已搬移的檔案

限制

  • 在冷儲存區刪除或編輯已搬移的檔案可能會導致檔案損壞,檔案管理應全面於熱儲存區進行,除非熱儲存區已無法存取 (了解更多)
  • 若未來來源資料夾名稱經修改,或已搬移檔案的存根檔在熱儲存區移動位置,冷儲存區的對應共用資料夾名稱與位置不會自動更新
  • 在熱儲存區設定的檔案或資料夾權限不會套用到冷儲存區